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2025

Real Estate

Scoring Document

Contents

Disclaimer: GRESB Real Estate Assessment Scoring Document

The GRESB Real Estate Assessment Scoring Document accompanies the GRESB Real Estate Standard and Reference Guide and is published as a standalone document. The Scoring Document reflects the opinions of GRESB and not of our members. The information in the Scoring Document has been provided in good faith and is provided on an “as is” basis. We take reasonable care to check the accuracy and completeness of the Scoring Document prior to its publication. While we do not anticipate major changes, we reserve the right to make modifications to the Scoring Document. We will publicly announce any such modifications. The Scoring Document is not provided as the basis for any professional advice or for transactional use. GRESB and its advisors, consultants and sub‑contractors shall not be responsible or liable for any advice given to third parties, any investment decisions or trading or any other actions taken by you or by third parties based on information contained in the Scoring Document. Except where stated otherwise, GRESB is the exclusive owner of all intellectual property rights in all the information contained in the Scoring Document.

Purpose of this Document

The 2025 GRESB Real Estate Scoring Document provides a comprehensive explanation of how individual indicators are scored within the Real Estate Assessment. It is designed to complement the Reference Guide, which outlines the specific reporting requirements for each indicator. Together, these documents help participants understand the assessment criteria, meet reporting requirements, and interpret their scores effectively.

This document is not to be used for score estimation, as it is not possible to calculate GRESB Scores in advance. For further details, refer to the guidance below.

For additional guidance on understanding the Benchmark Report insights, refer to the “How to Read Your Benchmark Report” document. Frequently asked scoring-related questions are also addressed in the FAQ document.

GRESB Scoring Model

Scoring within the GRESB Real Estate Assessment is fully automated and completed without manual intervention. The maximum score for the Real Estate Assessment is 100 points, distributed across components as follows:


Standing Investments Benchmark

Standing Investments Benchmark

Development Benchmark

Development Benchmark

Each indicator is categorized under one of three ESG dimensions: Environmental (E), Social (S), or Governance (G). The table below shows the score breakdown for each component across these dimensions:

Component E
(Environmental)
S
(Social)
G
(Governance)
Management 0% 34% 66%
Performance 89% 11% 0%
Development 73% 21% 6%

In addition to the GRESB Score, the Real Estate Benchmark Report provides additional insights via the GRESB Rating. The GRESB Rating is a relative measure of an entity’s ESG performance, calculated based on the GRESB Score and its quintile position within the benchmark. Entities in the top 20% receive a 5-star rating, while those in the bottom 20% receive a 1-star rating.

Indicator Score Breakdown

Each indicator within the GRESB Real Estate Assessment is assigned a specific scoring weight. The maximum score an entity can achieve for each indicator depends on several factors, with the scoring process incorporating scoring weights and score multipliers. For details on asset-level scoring, please refer to section “Relative Scoring”.

Scoring Weights

For some indicators, scoring is based solely on the cumulative sum of the scoring weights assigned to the indicator's elements. These weights, displayed in red on the left side of each indicator, represent the allocation of total available points per indicator according to the priorities established by the GRESB Foundation, aligning with market trends and sustainability best practices.

Often times, not all elements within an indicator need to be selected to achieve full points. If the sum of weights exceeds the indicator's maximum score, the score will be capped at that maximum. The score for these indicators is determined as follows:

Indicator score = [ (Sum of scoring weights) ] × (Maximum score for the indicator)

Example: Indicator LE4 - ESG Taskforce/Committee (1 point). Each task force member type contributes a specific scoring weight; governing bodies and leadership roles hold a scoring weight of 3/8, and investment and ESG professional roles hold a scoring weight of 2/8.

If an entity chooses two governing bodies and one ESG professionals, the calculation will read as follows:

[ ( 3 8 + 3 8 + 2 8 ) × 1 ] × 1 = 1

When indicators have options and sub-options, the scoring weight for each sub-option is first summed, and the resulting value is multiplied by the main fraction assigned to the main option. The final score is the cumulative sum of these weighted sub-options across all main options within the indicator, multiplied by the indicator's maximum points.

Indicator score = [ (Sum of the sub-option scoring weights for each main option) × (Main option weight for each option) ] × Maximum score for the indicator

Example: indicator SE6 - Supply chain engagement program (1.5 points). The indicator consists of three main options, each carrying an equal weight of 1/3. Within each main option, there are several sub-options, each with its own assigned weight. If an entity chooses four elements within the supply chain engagement program, four topics and two external parties to whom the requirements apply, the calculation would read as:

{ [ ( 1 4 × 4 ) × 1 3 ] + [ ( 1 4 × 4 ) × 1 3 ] + [ ( 1 2 × 2 ) × 1 3 ] } × 1.5 = 1.5 points

Multipliers

The score of other indicators is further adjusted by applying multipliers that either increase or decrease the indicator’s score. Multipliers are classified into different categories:

Validation Status:

Coverage Percentages: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score. This multiplier applies to the scoring of the following indicators:

Single Multiplier Example

For indicators with a single multiplier, the final score is calculated using the following formula:

Indicator score = [ (Sum of scoring weights) × Multiplier ] × Maximum score for the indicator

Example: Indicator LE6 - Personnel ESG Performance Targets (2 points). Each selected personnel group contributes a specific scoring weight. It is mandatory to upload evidence that supports the entity’s selections. The evidence’s validation status (i.e., accepted, partially accepted or not accepted) is associated with a scoring weight that is used as a multiplier to determine the final score. Similarly to LE4, governing bodies and leadership roles hold a scoring weight of 3/8, and investment and ESG professional roles hold a scoring weight of 2/8.

If an entity chooses one governing body and two ESG professionals, but its evidence is given a partially accepted validation status (multiplier: 0.5), the calculation would be as follows:

[ ( 3 8 + 3 8 + 2 8 ) × 0.5 ] × 2 = 1

Multiple multipliers example:

The score of other indicators may be adjusted by several multipliers. The scoring formula can include an additional percentage multiplier before applying the validation status.

Example: Indicator and TC2.1 – Tenant satisfaction survey (1 point) is scored based on two main options: the type of survey, which contributes 2/3 of the total weight, and the metrics included in the survey, which contributes the remaining 1/3. Each of these main options contains several sub-options, such as the survey method and specific metrics, each with its own weight. The percentage of tenants covered in the survey type acts as a multiplier applied to the weight of the selected sub-option, while the weights of the sub-options within the metrics are cumulatively summed. The weighted contributions of both main options (survey type and metrics) are then added together, as explained above. The resulting score is then adjusted based on the validation status of the evidence. The final score is then multiplied by the maximum score for the indicator. In this case, the formula would read:

Indicator score: { [ ( % Multiplier * sub-option weight * Main option weight) + [ ( Sum of the sub-option scoring weights) × (Main option weight) ] * Validation status } * Maximum score for the indicator

Note that indicators with several multipliers may differ in structure, and therefore the same exact formula would not apply. For this specific case, if an entity chooses an independent third-party survey with 100% of tenants covered, which includes the Net Promoter Score metric, and whose evidence has been partially accepted (0.5), the calculation would be:

{ [ ( 100% × 2 3 × 2 3 ) + ( 3 3 × 1 3 ) ] × 0.5 } × 1 = 0.5 points

Static scoring

Some indicators are scored using static weights, meaning predefined values are used to assess a portfolio's performance. In these cases, the points assigned to an indicator are fixed based on the number of selections chosen and the corresponding multipliers, where applicable. The scoring outcome remains unaffected by the participant's relative performance compared to its benchmark group. Instead, these indicators are assessed based on whether the participant meets certain predefined criteria.

Static scoring applies to indicators that assess entity and/or group-level strategies and processes:

These indicators can be answered with ‘Yes, ‘No’ and, in some cases, ‘Not applicable.’ From a scoring perspective, ‘Not applicable’ is treated the same way as ‘No’ and will yield 0 points.

The points per indicator subject to static scoring vary across the Real Estate Components:

Note that it is not possible to estimate the points obtained for indicators subject to manual validation.

Relative scoring

GRESB uses a relative scoring methodology that ensures that portfolios are evaluated fairly and encourages continual improvement. It applies to indicators reported at the asset-level either through the Asset Spreadsheet or Asset Portal: EN1 (Energy), GH1 (GHG Emissions), WT1 (Water), WS1 (Waste), BC1.1 (Building Certifications at the time of design/construction and for interior), BC1.2 (Operational Building Certifications), BC2 (Energy Ratings) and DBC1.2 (Development Building Certifications).

With this approach, scores are determined not just by the portfolio's standalone performance but by how it compares against benchmark groups of comparable properties. Benchmark groups are dynamic, and change based on the portfolio's characteristics, such as the type of property and geographical location. For example, if a portfolio has two property sub-types, e.g. Office, Corporate: Low-Rise in Germany and Residential Multi-Family: Low-Rise Multi-Family in the Netherlands, each property type will be benchmarked and scored separately against other properties with the same sectoral and geographical characteristics. Note that this is dependent upon benchmark availability: if there are not at least 20 assets from 5 distinct reporting entities, the Property Sub-Type classification and then the Country specificity will be gradually decreased.

GRESB aggregates self-reported asset-level data to a single score for each property sub-type and country in the participant’s portfolio. The final indicator score is calculated by weighing the property sub-type and country scores based on their % GAV within the portfolio. This ensures that the contribution of each property sub-type and country to the final score is proportional to its significance in the portfolio. For example, if a portfolio has two property sub-types, e.g. Office, Corporate: Low-Rise in Germany (60%) and Residential Multi-Family: Low-Rise Multi-Family in the Netherlands (40%), the performance of properties in Germany will have a greater impact on the entity’s score compared to those in the Netherlands as Germany holds a higher % GAV in the overall portfolio.

The points per indicator subject to relative scoring vary across the Real Estate Components:

For indicator-specific scoring guidance, please refer to each individual indicator description.

Additional details on aggregation methodology and calculations can be found in the Aggregation Handbook.

Note that it is not possible to estimate the points obtained for indicators subject to relative scoring, as benchmark values are proprietary GRESB data.

Additional clarifications

Open text boxes are not used for scoring purposes but are intended for additional reporting or explanatory purposes.

It is not possible to estimate the GRESB Score due to the influence of validation decisions and dynamically benchmarked indicators.

Management: Leadership

ESG Commitments and Objectives

FAQ

Not scored , G

This indicator is not scored and is used for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

1 point , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

ESG Decision Making

FAQ

2 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

FAQ

1 point , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

1 point , G

Scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

2 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Management: Policies

ESG Policies

FAQ

1.5 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

1.5 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

1.5 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Management: Reporting

ESG Disclosure

FAQ

3.5 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

ESG Incident Monitoring

FAQ

0.25 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator. It is not necessary to select all options to achieve the maximum score.

Other: The 'Other' answer is automatically validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

Not scored , G

This indicator is not scored and is used for reporting purposes only.

Management: Risk Management

Risk Management

FAQ

1.25 points , G

Scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

0.25 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Risk Assessments

FAQ

0.25 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

0.25 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

0.25 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

Not scored , G

This indicator is not scored and is used for reporting purposes only.

Climate-related Risk Management

FAQ

0.5 points , G

Scoring for this indicator is based on the integration of resilience into the climate strategy.

FAQ

0.5 points , G

Scoring for this indicator is based on the existence of a systematic process for identifying transition risks, the outcomes of that process, and whether those outcomes are at the entity level

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0
FAQ

0.5 points , G

Scoring for this indicator is based on the existence of a systematic process for identifying transition risk impact, the outcomes of that process, and whether those outcomes are at the entity level

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0
FAQ

0.5 points , G

Scoring for this indicator is based on the existence of a systematic process for identifying physical risk, the outcomes of that process, and whether those outcomes are at the entity level

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0
FAQ

0.5 points , G

Scoring for this indicator is based on the existence of a systematic process for identifying physical risk impact, the outcomes of that process, and whether those outcomes are at the entity level

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0
FAQ

Not scored , G

This indicator is not scored and is used for reporting purposes only.

Management: Stakeholder Engagement

Employees

FAQ

1 point , S

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score.

FAQ

1 point , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score. The survey response rate is not factored into the scoring and is only used for reporting purposes

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

1 point , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

This indicator is linked to SE2.1. In order to achieve points for this indicator, the number of points received in SE2.1 must be higher than 0.

FAQ

0.75 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

FAQ

1.25 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

This indicator is linked to SE3.1. In order to achieve points for this indicator, the number of points received in SE3.1 must be higher than 0.

FAQ

0.5 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

0.5 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

Suppliers

FAQ

1.5 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

1 point , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

1 point , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

0.5 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Performance: Reporting Characteristics

Reporting Characteristics

FAQ

Performance: Risk Assessment

Risk Assessments

FAQ

3 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

3 points , E

Each type of technical building assessment is assigned a maximum number of points as follows:

  1. Energy = 1.5 points;
  2. Water = 1 point;
  3. Waste = 0.5 points.

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score.

Efficiency Measures

FAQ

1.5 points , E

Participants receive 0.25 points for each reported efficiency measure.

FAQ

1 point , E

Participants receive 0.25 points for each reported efficiency measure.

FAQ

0.5 points , E

Participants receive 0.25 points for each reported efficiency measure.

Performance: Targets

Targets

FAQ

1 point , E

Participants receive 2/9 of the maximum score for each reported target and additional 1/9 if the target is externally communicated.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

1 point , E

Scoring is based on the existence of a GHG reduction target aligned with Net Zero.

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

Performance: Tenants & Community

Tenants/Occupiers

FAQ

1 point , S

Percentage portfolio covered: The coverage percentage number is provided by selecting one of four drop-down menu options. The selected option then acts as a multiplier to determine the score according to the table below:

Drop down option Multiplier
0% - 25% 0.25
25% - 50% 0.5
50% - 75% 0.75
75% - 100% 1.00

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

1 point , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score. The survey response rate is not factored into the scoring and is only used for reporting purposes.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

1 point , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

This indicator is linked to TC2.1. In order to achieve points for this indicator, the number of points received in TC2.1 must be higher than 0.

FAQ

1.5 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Percentage portfolio covered: The coverage percentage number is provided by selecting one of four drop-down menu options. The selected option then acts as a multiplier to determine the score according to the table below:

Drop down option Multiplier
0% - 25% 0.25
25% - 50% 0.5
50% - 75% 0.75
75% - 100% 1.00

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

ESG topics covered in the program are not scored and are used for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

1.5 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Percentage of lease contracts with an ESG clause and ESG topics covered in the program are not scored and are used for reporting purposes only

FAQ

0.75 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

FAQ

1.25 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

This indicator is linked to TC5.1. In order to achieve points for this indicator, the number of points received in TC5.1 must be higher than 0.

Community

FAQ

2 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

1 point , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Performance: Energy

Energy Consumption

FAQ

14 points , E

This indicator is answered and first scored at the asset level. Asset scores are then aggregated for each property sub-type and country combination using floor area and % of ownership as a weighting factor. Finally, scores are aggregated to the portfolio level (across all applicable property sub-types and countries) using percentage of GAV (in R1) reported per property sub-type and country.

The score of this indicator equals the sum of the scores achieved by:

  1. Data coverage = 8.5 points;
  2. Energy performance
    • Energy efficiency (2.5 points)
    • Like-for-like (2.5 points)
      • Like-for-Like data availability = 0.5 points;
      • Like-for-Like performance improvement = 2 points;
  3. Renewable energy = 3 points. The renewable energy score is split as follows:
    • On-site renewable energy = 1 point;
    • Off-site renewable energy = 0.5 points;
    • Performance = 2 points.

Data coverage

Data coverage percentages are calculated based on both the area and the time for which energy data is available. The calculation is performed at the asset-level separately for two categories of spaces:

  • Landlord-controlled areas include whole building: landlord-controlled, base building spaces (shared services and common areas), and tenant spaces-landlord controlled.
  • Tenant-controlled areas include whole building: tenant-controlled and tenant spaces: landlord-controlled.

For more details on data coverage calculations, refer to the Aggregation Handbook.

Data coverage is scored through the following steps:

  1. Asset-level scoring: Data coverage is initially calculated and scored at the asset level for each control-type area. All asset-level data coverages are compared against a relevant benchmark distribution based on the same property sub-type and country and specific to landlord-controlled and tenant-controlled areas, resulting in separate scores for each category. For assets classified as base building and tenant spaces, a static weight of 40% is applied to base building areas (e.g., shared services and common areas), while tenant spaces hold a static weight of 60%. Since tenant spaces can include both landlord-controlled and tenant-controlled areas, the 60% weight is further distributed proportionally based on the floor area for each. Specifically:
    • Landlord-controlled spaces scores are calculated as:
      • 40% + 60%*Tenant Spaces landlord-controlled area proportion (%)
    • Tenant-controlled spaces scores are calculated as:
      • 60%*Tenant Spaces tenant-controlled area proportion (%)
  2. Property sub-type and country-level scoring: Once asset-level scores have been calculated, they are aggregated into a single score per property sub-type and country using a weighted mean calculated by multiplying floor area by the percentage of ownership.
  3. Portfolio-level scoring: The scores for each property sub-type and country are aggregated into a single portfolio score, weighted by the gross asset value (GAV) for each property sub-type and country.

Benchmarks are constructed based on the Property Sub-Type and Country of the asset. First, an attempt is made to construct a benchmark by grouping together values from assets with the same Property Sub-Type and located in the same Country. If there are not at least 20 values from 5 distinct reporting entities, the Property Sub-Type classification and then the Country specificity is gradually decreased. For example, the Property Sub-Type becomes Property Type and then Property Sector. Then the specificity of the Country is decreased to Sub-Region, Region, Super-Region and Global.

See a Data Coverage scoring example in Appendix 3.

Energy performance

Energy performance is a scored metric that rewards an asset for either already being very efficient (Energy Efficiency) or for year-on-year performance improvement (Like-for-like). This ensures that low-performing assets remain incentivized to improve while high-efficiency assets are rewarded for their superior energy performance. Each asset is first assessed for eligibility for an Energy Efficiency score. If deemed eligible, it receives 2.5 points. If not, its eligibility for Like-for-like scoring is then evaluated. Scores received by each eligible asset are then aggregated to the Property Sub-Type / Country level using the asset’s floor area and ownership as a weighting factor.

Energy efficiency

The energy efficiency score is awarded to assets that meet the following criteria:

  • Are classified as Standing Investments
  • Have a full year (>= 355 days) of data availability
  • Have vacancy rate lower than 20%
  • Have an Energy Data Coverage (area x time) of 75% or more*
  • Have an Energy Use Intensity (EUI) value that is lower than the corresponding threshold established by the ASHRAE Standard 100:2024**

For a practical scoring example, refer to Appendix 3.

Assets that meet the criteria above receive a score of 2.5 points. Assets that do not meet the energy efficiency eligibility criteria do not receive an energy efficiency score and do not negatively impact the entity’s score.

*For data coverage lower than 100% (and higher than 75%), the consumption value in the numerator will be linearly extrapolated to 100% to ensure completeness of the energy intensity value.

**Energy Use Intensity (EUI) performance thresholds used in the GRESB scoring methodology are established by ASHRAE Standard 100:2024. These performance thresholds are meant to indicate high operational efficiency for buildings of each Property Sub-Type (used in GRESB) in each climate zone (defined in ASHRAE Standard 169:2021). GRESB aims to make ASHRAE EUI values accessible to Participants through the GRESB Portal. Progress updates will be available here.

Like-for-like

Like-for-like data availability:

The scoring method awards 0.5 points to an asset for which a like-for-like change value can be calculated. Like-for-like data availability is assessed based on whether an asset adheres to the like-for-like eligibility criteria.

Only assets that meet all the following criteria, for both current and previous reporting years, are eligible for inclusion in the like-for-like calculations:

  • Data Availability covers the full year (> 355 days);
  • Data Coverage is positive;
  • Data Coverage is the same (within 1% error threshold);
  • The asset is classified as Standing Investment.

Assets that do not meet the like-for-like data availability criteria are excluded from the aggregation and do not negatively impact the entity’s score.

Note: if no asset within a property sub-type and country group meets the like-for-like data availability criteria, all assets in the group receive a score of zero for Like-for-like.

For a practical scoring example, refer to Appendix 3.

Like-for-like performance:

Like-for-like performance improvement is scored at the asset level separately for landlord and tenant-controlled areas.

For each asset, like-for-like percentage changes are compared against a relevant benchmark distribution (separately for landlord-controlled and tenant-controlled areas) to generate a maximum score of 2 points (separately for landlord-controlled and tenant-controlled areas). Those scores are then aggregated for each asset, similarly to the process used for data coverage, where Base building areas (i.e. Shared Services and Common Areas) hold a static weight of 40% and Tenant Spaces hold a static weight of 60% for assets classified as Base building and Tenant Spaces.

A negative value (i.e. a decrease in consumption compared to the previous year) always results in a positive score. Assets whose consumption increased or remained the same compared to the previous year receive a score of 0.

Note: data reported for the outdoor area is included in the Like-for-Like scoring and outlier check but excluded from the data coverage scoring.

For a practical scoring example, refer to Appendix 3.

Renewable energy

The scoring of this section is split into two parts, both calculated at the asset level and subsequently aggregated at the property sub-type or country level using the floor area and ownership per asset as weighting factors.

The first part assesses whether any renewable energy was generated by every asset within the same property sub-type and country in the portfolio during the reporting year and can result in up to 1/3 of the maximum score (i.e. 1 point). Full points (1/3) are achieved if on-site renewable energy was generated by each asset. If an asset did not generate any on-site renewable energy but did generate off-site renewable energy, it will instead earn 1/6 of the maximum score (i.e.0.5 points).

The second part assesses the percentage improvement in renewable energy generation compared to the previous year, contributing up to 2/3 of the maximum score (2 points). The performance score for each asset is determined based on two elements:

  1. First, the percentage of renewable energy p for the current reporting year is calculated for each asset. Assets with no renewable energy are assigned a % renewable energy of 0, resulting in a score of 0.
  2. Second, the improvement score is determined by comparing the asset's year-on-year improvement (i) in % renewable energy to a benchmark group based on the improvement of other assets within the same property sub-type and country. Only positive improvements are considered; values ≤ 0 are ignored.

These two elements are combined using the following formula, where p is the percentage of renewable energy and i is the improvement score:

Score = (100 + p) / 200 * p / 100 + (100 - p) / 200 * i

Finally, the scores at the asset level are aggregated to property sub-type and country, using a weighted mean calculated by multiplying floor area by the percentage of ownership.

For a practical scoring example, refer to Appendix 3.

Non-operational renewable energy:

Any reported non-operational energy is excluded from the measurement of operational energy profiles of assets and will not count towards the scoring of data coverage or like-for-like metrics.

Outlier checks:

GRESB identifies outliers in performance data reported at the asset level. There are two kinds of outliers flagged by the GRESB Portal: Intensities and Like-for-Like (LFL) change in consumption/emission. Outliers are validated automatically based on fixed thresholds. Outliers do not negatively impact the scoring; however:

  1. If an outlier is detected above the upper threshold or below the lower threshold, then the data points associated with that outlier will be included in aggregation and scoring. However, they will not be included in the creation of the scoring benchmarks.
  2. If the outlier is substantially higher than the upper threshold (more than 1000 times greater), the data points associated with that outlier will not be included in aggregation or scoring.

For more information about outlier thresholds, refer to Appendix 4 of the Reference Guide.

For more details on outlier calculations, refer to the Aggregation Handbook.

Open text box:

The content of the open text box at the end of the indicator is not used for scoring but will be included in the Benchmark Report.

Performance: GHG

GHG Emissions

FAQ

7 points , E

This indicator is answered and first scored at the asset level. Asset scores are then aggregated for each property sub-type and country combination using floor area and % of ownership as a weighting factor. Finally, scores are aggregated to the portfolio level (across all applicable property sub-types and countries) using percentage of GAV (in R1) reported per property sub-type and country. The score of this indicator equals the sum of the scores achieved by:

  1. Data coverage = 5 points
  2. Like-for-Like performance improvement = 2 points

Data coverage:

Data coverage percentages are calculated based on both the area and the time for which GHG data is available. The calculation is performed at the asset-level separately for two categories of scopes: Scope 1 + 2, and Scope 3.

Data coverage percentages are first calculated and scored at the asset level separately for Scope 1+2 and Scope 3 by comparing them to a relative benchmark group.

Benchmarks are constructed based on the property sub-type and country of the asset. First, an attempt is made to construct a benchmark by grouping together values from assets with the same Property Sub-Type and located in the same Country. If there are not at least 20 values from 5 distinct reporting entities, the Property Sub-Type classification and then the Country specificity is gradually decreased. For example, the Property Sub-Type becomes Property Type and then Property Sector. Then the specificity of the Country is decreased to Sub-Region, Region, Super-Region and Global.

These scores are then aggregated to a single score at the asset level by using a weighted mean with weights being the maximum floor areas:

  • The largest floor area from Scope 1+2 contributes to the weight for Scope 1+2
  • The floor area from Scope 3 contributes to the weight for Scope 3

Finally, the scores at the asset level are aggregated to property sub-type and country, using a weighted mean calculated by multiplying floor area by the percentage of ownership

For a practical scoring example, refer to Appendix 3.

Like-for-Like performance improvement:

Like-for-like performance improvement is first scored at the asset level separately for Scope 1+2 and 3 and then aggregated to a single asset score.

For each asset, like-for-like percentage changes are compared against a relevant benchmark distribution (separately for Scope 1+2 and Scope 3) to generate a score (separately for Scope 1+2 and Scope 3). Those scores are then aggregated for each asset, similarly to the process used for data coverage by using a weighted mean with weights being the maximum floor areas:

  • The largest floor area from Scope 1+2 contributes to the weight for Scope 1+2
  • The floor area from Scope 3 contributes to the weight for Scope 3

Asset-level scores are subsequently aggregated to the property sub-type and country level (using the floor area and ownership per asset as weighting factor). The score for each group of property sub-type is then aggregated at portfolio level (using the GAV per property sub-type / country as a weighting factor).

Assets that do not meet the eligibility criteria for like-for-like calculations are automatically excluded from the scoring scope and treated as ‘Not Applicable’. The eligibility criteria for like-for-like calculations are provided in the Reference Guide.

If no asset within a property sub-type and country group meets the like-for-like calculation eligibility criteria, the score received by the group is zero.

Note that having a lower value (i.e. a decrease in consumption compared to the previous year) always results in a higher or equal score. Assets whose consumption increased or remained the same compared to the previous year will automatically receive a score of 0.

Note: data reported for the outdoor area is included in the Like-for-Like scoring and outlier check but excluded from the data coverage scoring

For a practical scoring example, refer to Appendix 3.

Outlier checks:

GRESB identifies outliers in performance data reported at the asset level. There are two kinds of outliers flagged by the GRESB Portal: Intensities and Like-for-Like (LFL) change in consumption/emission. Outliers are validated automatically based on fixed thresholds. Outliers do not negatively impact the scoring; however:

  1. If an outlier is detected above the upper threshold or below the lower threshold, then the data points associated with that outlier will be included in aggregation and scoring. However, they will not be included in the creation of the scoring benchmarks.
  2. If the outlier is substantially higher than the upper threshold (more than 1000 times greater), the data points associated with that outlier will not be included in aggregation or scoring.

For more information about outlier thresholds, refer to Appendix 4 of the Reference Guide.

For more details on outlier calculations, refer to the Aggregation Handbook.

Offsets:

Carbon offsets do not impact the scoring of any GHG metric in the Assessment (i.e. Like-for-Like or Data Coverage). GRESB recognizes offsets but includes them solely for reporting purposes in the Benchmark Report.

Open text box:

The content of the open text box at the end of the indicator is not used for scoring, but will be included in the Benchmark Report.

Performance: Water

Water Use

FAQ

7 points , E

This indicator is answered and first scored at the asset level. Asset scores are then aggregated for each property sub-type and country combination using floor area and % of ownership as a weighting factor. Finally, scores are aggregated to the portfolio level (across all applicable property sub-types and countries) using percentage of GAV (in R1) reported per property sub-type and country.

The score of this indicator equals the sum of the scores achieved by:

  1. Data coverage = 4 points;
  2. Like-for-Like performance improvement = 2 points;
  3. Water reuse and recycling = 1 point. The water reuse and recycling score is split as follows:
    • On-site water reuse and recycling = 0.25 points;
    • Performance = 0.75 points.

Data coverage:

Data coverage percentages, based on both area and time for which data is available, are scored separately against different benchmarks for landlord and tenant controlled areas for each asset, where "landlord controlled" and "tenant controlled" areas can include:

  • Landlord-controlled areas include whole building: landlord-controlled, base building spaces (shared services and common areas), and tenant spaces-landlord controlled.
  • Tenant controlled areas include whole building: tenant-controlled and tenant spaces: landlord-controlled.

For more details on data coverage calculations, refer to the Aggregation Handbook.

Data coverage is scored through the following steps:

  1. Asset-level scoring: Data coverage is initially calculated and scored at the asset level for each control-type area. All asset-level data coverages are compared against a relevant benchmark distribution based on the same property sub-type and country and specific to landlord-controlled and tenant-controlled areas, resulting in separate scores for each category. For assets classified as Base building and Tenant Spaces, a static weight of 40% is applied to Base building areas (e.g., Shared Services and Common Areas), while Tenant Spaces hold a static weight of 60%. Since Tenant Spaces can include both landlord-controlled and tenant-controlled areas, the 60% weight is further distributed proportionally based on the floor area for each.
    Specifically:
    • Landlord-controlled spaces scores are calculated as:
      • 40% + 60%*Tenant Spaces landlord-controlled area proportion (%)
    • Tenant-controlled spaces scores are calculated as:
      • 60%*Tenant Spaces tenant-controlled area proportion (%)
  2. Property sub-type and country-level scoring: Once asset-level scores have been calculated, they are aggregated into a single score per property sub-type, country, and control (landlord- or tenant-controlled) using a weighted mean calculated by multiplying floor area by the percentage of ownership.
  3. Portfolio-level scoring: The scores for each property sub-type and country are aggregated into a single portfolio score, weighted by the gross asset value (GAV) for each property sub-type and country.

Benchmarks are constructed based on the Property Sub-Type and Country of the asset. First, an attempt is made to construct a benchmark by grouping together values from assets with the same Property Sub-Type and located in the same Country. If there are not at least 20 values from 5 distinct reporting entities, the Property Sub-Type classification and then the Country specificity is gradually decreased. For example, the Property Sub-Type becomes Property Type and then Property Sector. Then the specificity of the Country is decreased to Sub-Region, Region, Super-Region and Global.

For a practical scoring example, refer to Appendix 3.

Like-for-Like performance improvement:

Like-for-like performance improvement is first scored at the asset level separately for landlord and tenant-controlled areas and then aggregated to a single asset score.

For each asset, like-for-like percentage changes are compared against a relevant benchmark distribution (separately for landlord-controlled and tenant-controlled areas) to generate a score (separately for landlord-controlled and tenant-controlled areas). Those scores are then aggregated for each asset, similarly to the process used for data coverage, where for assets classified as Base building and Tenant Spaces, Base building areas (i.e. Shared Services and Common Areas) hold a static weight of 40%, while Tenant Spaces hold a static weight of 60%.

Asset-level scores are subsequently aggregated to the property sub-type and country level (using the floor area and ownership per asset as weighting factor). The score for each group of property sub-type is then aggregated at portfolio level (using the GAV per property sub-type / country as a weighting factor).

Assets that do not meet the eligibility criteria for like-for-like calculations are automatically excluded from the scoring scope and treated as ‘Not Applicable’. The eligibility criteria for like-for-like calculations are provided in the Reference Guide.

If no asset within a property sub-type and country group meets the like-for-like calculation eligibility criteria, the score received by the group is zero.

Note that having a lower value (i.e. a decrease in consumption compared to the previous year) always results in a higher or equal score. Assets whose consumption increased or remained the same compared to the previous year will automatically receive a score of 0.

Note: data reported for the outdoor area is included in the Like-for-Like scoring and outlier check but excluded from the data coverage scoring.

For a practical scoring example, refer to Appendix 3.

Water reuse and recycling

The scoring of this section is split into two parts, both calculated at the asset level and subsequently aggregated at the property sub-type or country level using the floor area and % of ownership per asset as weighting factors.

The scoring of this section is split into two parts.

The first part assesses whether any on-site water reuse and recycling was generated per asset during the reporting year can result in a maximum of 1/4 of the maximum score (0.25 points).

The second part assesses the percentage improvement in water reuse and recycling compared to the previous year, contributing up to 3/4 of the maximum score (0.75 points). The performance score for each asset is determined based on two elements:

First, the percentage of water reuse and recycling (p) for the current reporting year is calculated for each asset. Assets with no water reuse or recycling are assigned a % of 0, resulting in a score of 0.

Second, the improvement score (i) is determined by comparing the asset's year-on-year improvement in % water reuse and recycling to a benchmark group based on the improvements of other assets within the same property sub-type and country. Only positive improvements are considered; values ≤ 0 are ignored. These two elements are combined using the following formula, where p is the percentage of reused or recycled water and i is the improvement score:

Score = (100 + p) / 200 * p / 100 + (100 - p) / 200 * i

Finally, the scores at the asset level are aggregated to property sub-type and country, using a weighted mean calculated by multiplying floor area by the percentage of ownership.

For a practical scoring example, refer to Appendix 3.

Outlier checks:

GRESB identifies outliers in performance data reported at the asset level. There are two kinds of outliers flagged by the GRESB Portal: Intensities and Like-for-Like (LFL) change in consumption/emission. Outliers are validated automatically based on fixed thresholds. Outliers do not negatively impact the scoring; however:

  1. If an outlier is detected above the upper threshold or below the lower threshold, then the data points associated with that outlier will be included in aggregation and scoring. However, they will not be included in the creation of the scoring benchmarks.
  2. If the outlier is substantially higher than the upper threshold (more than 1000 times greater), the data points associated with that outlier will not be included in aggregation or scoring.

For more information about outlier thresholds, refer to Appendix 4 of the Reference Guide.

Open text box:

The content of the open text box at the end of the indicator is not used for scoring, but will be included in the Benchmark Report.

Performance: Waste

Waste Management

FAQ

4 points , E

This indicator is answered and first scored at the asset level. Asset scores are then aggregated for each property sub-type and country combination using floor area and % of ownership as a weighting factor. Finally, scores are aggregated to the portfolio level (across all applicable property sub-types and countries) using percentage of GAV (in R1) reported per property sub-type and country.

The score of this indicator equals the sum of the scores achieved by:

  1. Data coverage = 2 points;
  2. Proportion of waste diverted = 2 points.

Data coverage:

Data coverage percentages are calculated based only on the area dimension for which waste data is available. The calculation is performed at the asset-level separately for two categories of spaces:

  • Landlord-controlled areas: assets classified as Base building + Tenant Spaces or Whole Building is Landlord Controlled
  • Tenant-controlled areas: assets classified as Whole Building is Tenant Controlled.

Data coverage is scored through the following steps:

  • Asset level scoring: Data coverage is first calculated and scored at the asset level separately for landlord and tenant-controlled spaces. All asset-level data coverages are compared against a relevant benchmark distribution based on the same property sub-type and country and specific to landlord-controlled and tenant-controlled assets.
  • Property sub-type and country-level scoring: Once asset-level scores have been calculated, they are aggregated into a single score per property sub-type and country using a weighted mean calculated by multiplying floor area by the percentage of ownership.
  • Portfolio-level scoring: The scores for each property sub-type and country are aggregated into a single portfolio score, weighted by the gross asset value (GAV) for each property sub-type and country.

Benchmarks are constructed based on the Property Sub-Type and Country of the asset. First, an attempt is made to construct a benchmark by grouping together values from assets with the same Property Sub-Type and located in the same Country. If there are not at least 20 values from 5 distinct reporting entities, the Property Sub-Type classification and then the Country specificity is gradually decreased. For example, the Property Sub-Type becomes Property Type and then Property Sector. Then the specificity of the Country is decreased to Sub-Region, Region, Super-Region and Global.

For a practical scoring example, refer to Appendix 3.

Proportion of waste diverted:

Unlike data coverage, the scoring of waste diversion is not split between landlord and tenant-controlled areas. Only waste reported as recycled, reused or converted to energy will be included in the scoring calculations. Waste sent to landfill, incineration or categorized as other/unknown will not contribute to the score.

Assets with no waste data coverage will not achieve points for waste diversion.

Outlier checks:

GRESB identifies outliers in performance data reported at the asset level. There are two kinds of outliers flagged by the GRESB Portal: Intensities and Like-for-Like (LFL) change in consumption/emission. Outliers are validated automatically based on fixed thresholds. Outliers do not negatively impact the scoring; however:

  1. If an outlier is detected above the upper threshold or below the lower threshold, then the data points associated with that outlier will be included in aggregation and scoring. However, they will not be included in the creation of the scoring benchmarks.
  2. If the outlier is substantially higher than the upper threshold (more than 1000 times greater), the data points associated with that outlier will not be included in aggregation or scoring.

For more information about outlier thresholds, refer to Appendix 4 of the Reference Guide.

Open text box:

The content of the open text box at the end of the indicator is not used for scoring, but will be included in the Benchmark Report.

Performance: Data Monitoring & Review

Review, verification and assurance of ESG data

FAQ

1.75 points , E

Scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted3/3
Partially Accepted1/3
Not Accepted0
FAQ

1.25 points , E

Scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted3/3
Partially Accepted1/3
Not Accepted0
FAQ

1.25 points , E

Scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted3/3
Partially Accepted1/3
Not Accepted0
FAQ

1.25 points , E

Scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted3/3
Partially Accepted1/3
Not Accepted0

Performance: Building Certifications

Building Certifications

FAQ

7 points , E

This indicator is answered at the asset level and scored at the aggregated property sub-type and country level.

First, for certification, a certified floor area is calculated. This is the product of (1) the floor area certified weighted, (2) % of ownership of the asset, (3) validation status of the certification, and (4) the time factor corresponding to the certification age. Subsequently, the certified floor areas are summed to arrive at the aggregated % floor area certified at the property sub-type & country level. Note that multiple certification schemes per asset count towards the aggregated value, but this is capped at 100% at the property sub-type & country level.

The validation status of the certification is determined by GRESB according to a list of predefined criteria, which results in one of the following weightings:

Validation status Weight
Full points 1.0
Partial plus 0.6
Partial minus 0.3

Additionally, each certification is weighted by a time factor determined by the certification year and type as illustrated in the following table:

Certification age

(year)

Time factor

Design/Construction

Time factor

Interior

0 100% 100%
1 100% 100%
2 100% 100%
3 100% 67%
4 90% 33%
5 80% 0%
6 74% 0%
7 67% 0%
8 61% 0%
9 54% 0%
10 48% 0%
11 40% 0%
12 32% 0%
13 24% 0%
14 16% 0%
15 8% 0%
... 8% 0%

Aggregated % floor area certified per property sub-type & country is then compared against a relevant benchmark average to achieve a score. This score is a result of how the % floor area certified of the property sub-type and country performs against the benchmark average.

Benchmarks are constructed based on the property sub-type and country of the asset. First, an attempt is made to construct a benchmark by grouping together values from assets with the same property sub-type and located in the same country. If there are less than 20 values from 5 distinct reporting entities, the property sub-type classification and then the country specificity is gradually decreased. For example, the property sub-type becomes property type and then property sector. Then the specificity of the country is decreased to sub-region, region, super-region and global.

The score for each group of property sub-type and country is then aggregated at portfolio level (using the GAV per property sub-type / country as a weighting factor).

Note: Level of certification is for reporting purposes only and not used for scoring.

The resulting score is then added with the score of BC1.2 to calculate a BC1 score which has a maximum of 8.5 points.

For scoring examples per indicator, refer to Appendix 3.

FAQ

8.5 points , E

This indicator is answered at the asset level and scored at the aggregated property sub-type and country level.

First, for each certification, a certified floor area is calculated. This is the product of the floor area certified weighted by the (1) % of ownership of the asset, (2) validation status of the certification, and (3) the time factor corresponding to the certification age. Subsequently, these certified floor areas are summed to arrive at the aggregated % floor area certified at the property sub-type & country level. Note that multiple certification schemes per asset count towards the aggregated value, but this is capped at 100% at the property sub-type & country level.

Each certification is validated by GRESB according to a list of predefined criteria which results in one of the following validation decision outcomes to which a weight is associated:

Validation status Weight
Full points 1.0
Partial plus 0.6
Partial minus 0.3

Additionally, each certification is weighted by a time factor determined by the certification year and type as illustrated in the following table:

Certification age

(year)

Time factor

Operational

0 100%
1 100%
2 100%
3 100%
4 50%
5 0%
... 0%

Aggregated % floor area certified per property sub-type & country is then compared against a relevant benchmark average to achieve a score. This score is a result of how the % floor area certified of the property sub-type and country performs against the benchmark average.

Benchmarks are constructed based on the property sub-type and country of the asset. First, an attempt is made to construct a benchmark by grouping together values from assets with the same property sub-type and located in the same country. If there are less than 20 values from 5 distinct reporting entities, the property sub-type classification and then the country specificity is gradually decreased. For example, the property sub-type becomes property type and then property sector. Then the specificity of the country is decreased to sub-region, region, super-region and global.

The score for each group of property sub-type and country is then aggregated at portfolio level (using the GAV per property sub-type / country as a weighting factor).

Note: Level of certification is for reporting purposes only and not used for scoring.

The resulting score is then added with the score of BC1.1 to calculate a BC1 score which has a maximum of 8.5 points.

For scoring examples per indicator, refer to Appendix 3.

FAQ

2 points , E

This indicator is answered and scored at the asset level. Scores are then calculated for each property sub-type & country combination through aggregation, using floor area as a weighting factor. Subsequently, scores are calculated at the portfolio level (across all applicable property sub-types & countries) through further aggregation, using percentage of GAV per each property sub-type and country as weighting factor.

A single asset’s rating coverage percentage is calculated by taking the sum of the coverage percentages reported for each rating within the asset. This value is then benchmarked against other assets’ rating coverage of the same property sub-type and country, to determine the score of the asset.

A score is then calculated based on how the value reported for an asset compares to its relevant benchmark group.

Benchmarks are constructed based on the property sub-type and country of the asset. First, an attempt is made to construct a benchmark by grouping together values from assets with the same property sub-type and located in the same country. If there are less than 20 values from 5 distinct reporting entities, the property sub-type classification and then the country specificity is gradually decreased. For example, the property sub-type becomes property type and then property sector. Then the specificity of the country is decreased to sub-region, region, super-region and global.

Note: Level of rating is for reporting purposes only and not used for scoring.

Development: Reporting Characteristics

Reporting Characteristics

FAQ

Development: ESG Requirements

ESG Requirements

FAQ

4 points , G

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

4 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

4 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Development: Building Certifications

Building Certifications

FAQ

4 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score.

Green Building Rating System: The name of the green building rating system and the level of certification (if applicable) is validated, and its validation status is determined based on the requirements of the indicators. Various validation statuses lead to different scores according to the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

9 points , E

Each certification is validated by GRESB according to a list of predefined criteria which results in one of the following validation decision outcomes to which a weight is associated:

Validation status Weight
Full points 1.0
Partial plus 0.6
Partial minus 0.3
No points 0.0

A single certification coverage percentage is calculated by taking the sum of the coverage percentages reported for each certification weighted by the validation decision outcome for that certification. Sums greater than 100% are considered to be 100%. This value is then benchmarked to determine the score of the indicator.

Benchmarks are constructed based on the Property Sub-Type and Country of the asset. First, an attempt is made to construct a benchmark by grouping together values from assets with the same Property Sub-Type and located in the same Country. If there are not at least 20 values from 5 distinct reporting entities, the Property Sub-Type classification and then the Country specificity is gradually decreased. For example, the Property Sub-Type becomes Property Type and then Property Sector. Then the specificity of the Country is decreased to Sub-Region, Region, Super-Region and Global.

Note: Please see the Entity Categorization sub-section in the Scoring Methodology section of the Reference Guide for details on the location based classification.

Note: For the property types please see Appendix 3a of the Reference Guide.

A score is then calculated based on how the value reported by this entity compares to the benchmark values reported by other entities.

Note: Level of certification is for reporting purposes only and not used for scoring.

Note: The benchmark is constructed using data from the Development Benchmark respondents.

Development: Materials

Materials

FAQ

6 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

Not scored , E

This indicator is not scored and is used for reporting purposes only.

Development: Energy

Energy

FAQ

6 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

6 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

2 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Development: Water

Water Conservation

FAQ

5 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Development: Waste

Waste Management

FAQ

5 points , E

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Development: Stakeholder Engagement

Health, Safety & Well-being

FAQ

2 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options and respective sub-options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

1.5 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

1.5 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Injury rate calculation method is not scored and is used for reporting purposes only

Supply Chain

FAQ

2 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Percentage number: The coverage percentage reported is used as a multiplier to determine the assigned score.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

2 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Community Impact and Engagement

FAQ

2 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

2 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0
FAQ

2 points , S

The scoring of this indicator is equal to the fraction assigned to the selected option, multiplied by the total score of the indicator.

Evidence: The evidence is manually validated and assigned a multiplier, according to the table below. The evidence must support the validation requirements.

If any requirements are not met, the evidence may be partially accepted or not accepted depending on the level of alignment with the requirements.

Validation statusMultiplier
Accepted2/2
Partially Accepted1/2
Not Accepted0

Other: The 'Other' answer is manually validated and assigned a score which is used as a multiplying factor, as per the table below:

Validation statusScore
Accepted1/1
Not Accepted0
Duplicate0

Open text box: The open text box is not scored and is for reporting purposes only.

Development: Targets

Targets

FAQ

Not scored , E

This indicator is not scored and is used for reporting purposes only.

Residential

With the Residential Assessment, GRESB introduces sector-specific scoring and benchmarking, providing the industry with a standard that caters for differences between residential and commercial sectors.

Entities participating in the Residential Assessment will receive a standalone report providing assessment results incorporating updated scoring for existing indicators, along with insights into newly introduced topics. Taking part in the Residential Assessment has no impact on the Real Estate Benchmark Report and score.

As part of the Residential Assessment, updates to the following indicators are incorporated in the standalone Residential Report:

Scoring Removal

The following indicators are no longer scored in the Residential Assessment.

Indicator Main Assessment Score Residential Assessment Score
Fit-Out & Refurbishment Program for Tenants on ESG (TC3) 1.5p 0p
ESG-Specific Requirements in Lease Contracts (Green Leases) (TC4) 1.5p 0p

Scoring Weight Increase

The following indicators receive an increase in total score. The scoring logic of each of these indicators remains unchanged, where the scoring is equal to the sum of the fractions assigned to the selected options, multiplied by the total score of the indicator. To view the fractions assigned to the options within each indicator, please refer to the Tenants & Community section of this scoring document.

Indicator Main Assessment Scoring weight Residential Assessment Scoring weight
Tenant Health & Well-Being Program (TC5.1) 0.75p 1.75p
Tenant Health & Well-Being Measures (TC5.2) 1.25p 3.25p
Community Engagement Program (TC6.1) 2p 4p
Monitoring Impact on Community (TC6.2) 1p 1.5p

Scoring Weight Decrease

The scoring weight for the following indicators is reduced. In the Residential Assessment Report, participants can earn up to 4.5 points for Building Certifications. These include up to 3 points available for Design & Construction Certifications (BC1.1) and up to 4.5 points for Operational Building Certifications (BC1.2). These two scores are capped at 4.5 points when summed. The scoring logic of each of these indicators remains unchanged. Please refer to the Building Certification section of this scoring document for further details.

Indicator Main Assessment Score Residential Assessment Score
Building Certifications at the Time of Design/Construction and for Interior (BC1.1) 7p 3p
Operational Building Certifications (BC1.2) 8.5p 4.5p

New and restructured indicators

Five new indicators are introduced to address topics considered material for residential participants which are currently missing from the main assessment. One indicator has been restructured and adapted to the Residential sector.

Residential

FAQ

Not scored , S

This indicator is not scored in 2025 and is used for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

Not scored , S

This indicator is not scored in 2025 and is used for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

Not scored , S

This indicator is not scored in 2025 and is used for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

Not scored , S

This indicator is not scored in 2025 and is used for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

Not scored , S

This indicator is not scored in 2025 and is used for reporting purposes only.

FAQ

1.5 points , E

This indicator is worth 1.5 points in the 2025 standalone Residential Benchmark Report and replaces indicator ESG-Specific Requirements in Lease Contracts (TC4 - Green Leases).

Appendix 1 - GRESB vs. ASHRAE Property Types Classification

This table shows how properties classified under the GRESB property sub-type methodology are categorized in accordance with ASHRAE’s methodology.

Note that this table can be subject to future modifications.

GRESB Property sub-type ASHRAE Type
Office: Office, Corporate: Low-Rise Office Admin/professional office
Office: Office, Corporate: Mid-Rise Office Admin/professional office
Office: Office, Corporate: High-Rise Office Admin/professional office
Office: Office, Business Park: Office, Business Park Admin/professional office
Mixed use: Mixed use: Mixed Use, Office/Retail Mixed-use office
Mixed use: Mixed use: Mixed Use, Office/Residential Mixed-use office
Mixed use: Mixed use: Mixed Use, Office/Industrial Mixed-use office
Mixed use: Mixed use: Mixed Use, Office/Other Mixed-use office
Office: Office, Other: Office, Other Other office
Technology/Science: Technology/Science: Laboratory/Life sciences Laboratory
Industrial: Industrial: Industrial Park Distribution/shipping center
Industrial: Distribution Warehouse: Industrial, Non-refrigerated Warehouse Nonrefrigerated warehouse
Retail: Retail Centers: Retail, Warehouse Grocery store/food market
Healthcare: Healthcare, Medical Office: Healthcare, Medical Office Medical office (diagnostic)
Healthcare: Healthcare, Medical Office: Healthcare, Other Clinic/other outpatient health
Industrial: Distribution Warehouse: Industrial, Refrigerated Warehouse Refrigerated warehouse
Lodging, Leisure & Recreation: Lodging, Leisure & Recreation: Performing Arts Entertainment/culture
Education: Education: Library Library
Lodging, Leisure & Recreation: Lodging, Leisure & Recreation: Fitness Center Recreation
Lodging, Leisure & Recreation: Lodging, Leisure & Recreation: Indoor Arena Other public assembly
Education: Education: University College/university
Education: Education: School High school
Education: Education: Education, Other Other classroom education
Retail: Retail, Restaurants/Bars: Retail, Restaurants/Bars Restaurant/cafeteria
Healthcare: Healthcare: Healthcare Center Hospital/inpatient health
Healthcare: Senior Homes: Senior Homes Nursing home/assisted living
Residential: Student Housing: Student Housing Dormitory/fraternity/sorority
Hotel: Hotel: Hotel Hotel
Lodging, Leisure & Recreation: Lodging, Leisure & Recreation: Lodging, Leisure & Recreation, Other Other lodging
Retail: Retail, High Street: Retail, High Street Retail store
Retail: Retail, Other: Retail, Other Other retail
Retail: Retail Centers: Retail, Strip Mall Strip shopping mall
Retail: Retail Centers: Retail, Lifestyle Center Strip shopping mall
Retail: Retail Centers: Retail, Shopping Center Enclosed mall
Residential: Retirement Living: Retirement Living Single-family detached
Residential: Family Homes: Family Homes Single-family attached
Residential: Residential Multi-Family: Low-Rise Multi-Family Apartment (in 2-to-4-unit building)
Residential: Residential Multi-Family: Mid-Rise Multi-Family Apartment (in 5+ unit building)
Residential: Residential Multi-Family: High-Rise Multi-Family Apartment (in 5+ unit building)

GRESB property sub-types not listed in the table above are currently not supported under ASHRAE’s methodology. As such, assets in these sub-types may only be considered for like-for-like energy efficiency scoring, provided they meet the relevant inclusion criteria.

Appendix 2 - Scoring Document Improvements Summary

Driven largely by Member feedback, GRESB conducted a thorough review and update of the existing Scoring Document in 2025 to streamline and clarify key information. This Appendix summarizes these improvements.

Notes: Standards-related updates, driven by the GRESB Foundation, are highlighted and summarized in Appendix 1. Appendix 2 focuses on summarizing substantive updates made by GRESB to existing content. It does not include minor editorial changes.

Structure

Introduction

The new introduction offers a more detailed explanation of the GRESB scoring process compared to the previous version. It now provides a comprehensive overview of the scoring methodology, including the impact of various components such as multipliers and validation statuses on final scores. Additionally, the introduction breaks down the differences between GRESB's relative and static scoring methods, using practical examples to illustrate how asset-level indicators are benchmarked and scored.

Appendixes

Appendix 1

Following the approval by the GRESB Foundation on Energy Efficiency scoring, the purpose of this appendix is to show users a comparison of how properties are classified under the GRESB property sub-type methodology with their corresponding categories in the ASHRAE methodology, used for the new scoring methodology.

Appendix 3

The goal of this appendix is to clarify the scoring process of indicators benchmarked at the property sub-type and country level through detailed examples of how scores are calculated through the different stages (asset, property sub-type and country, and portfolio level).

Guidance

Asset-level indicators

Driven by major revisions to key indicators and the interpretation of performance metrics in 2024, GRESB has increased the level of detail, clarity and transparency in the descriptions of scoring methodologies for asset-level indicators, i.e. EN1 (energy), GH1 (GHG), WT1 (water), WS1 (waste), BC1.1 (building certifications at the time of design/construction and for interior), BC1.2 (operational building certifications) and BC2 (energy ratings).

Appendix 3 - Supplemental Scoring Examples

The examples provided in this appendix are intended for educational purposes only and have been simplified in certain instances. They are designed to illustrate key concepts and should not be regarded as definitive or exhaustive.

The scenario-based examples demonstrate the process from asset-level scoring to property sub-type scoring. Note that an additional step is required to aggregate the scores across various property sub-types and countries into a single portfolio score but has been omitted for the purpose of simplicity. This final aggregation step uses the Gross Asset Value (GAV) of each property sub-type and country within the portfolio as a weighting factor to assign a final score per indicator.

Data Coverage Scoring

Consider 10 Residential: Multi-family Mid-rise USA assets with identical square footage (GFA) and all tenant-controlled with 100% ownership. 1 asset has full data coverage (100%), 9 assets have no data coverage (0%). Here below is a recalculation of the Energy Data Coverage Score of this portfolio.

Each asset included in the property sub-type have their data coverage benchmarked and scored separately. Out of 10 assets, 1 obtains a full score considering its data coverage of 100%, and 9 assets obtain a score of 0% considering their data coverage of 0. These asset-level scores are then aggregated at property sub-type / country level using assets’ floor area and ownership as a weighting factor. This results in score achieved by the property sub-type / country of (100%*(1/10)) + (0%*(9/10)) * 8.5 = 0.85/8.5 points.

This same logic applies to the points relevant to water re-use and recycling performance.

Energy Performance

Energy efficiency

Determining eligibility for energy efficiency

The energy efficiency score is awarded to assets that meet the following criteria:

For assets with Data Coverage (area x time) of 75% or more, the Energy Use Intensity (EUI) is calculated as:

Taking as an example an office building in Amsterdam:

# Country Property sub-type Floor area (m2) Vacancy rate Data Coverage (area/time) Energy Consumption (kWh) Energy Intensity (kWh/m2)
GRESB office Netherlands Office: Corporate: High-Rise 1,000 17% 100% 118,500 118.5

The asset’s EUI is then compared to the corresponding threshold from ASHRAE Standard 100:2024. If the energy use intensity is lower than the threshold, the asset receives a score of 2.5 points.

# Country Property sub-type Energy Intensity (kWh/m2) ASHRAE 100:2024 threshold (kWh.m2) Asset energy efficiency score
GRESB office Netherlands Office: Corporate: High-Rise 118.5 123.33 2.5 pts

Assets that are not eligible for an Energy efficiency score are assessed based on their Like-for-like performance.

Like-For-Like

Like-for-Like data Availability

Consider an office building in the Netherlands classified as a standing investment, with 100% data coverage for two consecutive reporting years, identical gross floor area (GFA) and 100% ownership.

Since this asset meets the eligibility criteria to demonstrate the existence of a like-for-like change (refer to the Reference Guide for details on like-for-like eligibility criteria), the asset will be awarded its corresponding fraction of available points, calculated as 1 × 0.5 = 0.5 points.

Like-for-Like Performance Improvement

Step 1: Calculate the year-on-year improvement for each asset

For each sub-space (e.g., common areas, tenant spaces landlord-controlled) within an asset, the like-for-like performance improvement score is calculated if it meets the following criteria for both current and previous reporting years:

Increases in energy consumption compared to last year automatically receive a score of 0 points.

Here we show an example of an office building in Amsterdam, where we assume 100% ownership, full tenant-control, and that the entire floor area is eligible for inclusion in the calculation. The LFL performance improvement for this asset is:

# Country Property sub-type Floor area (m2) LY Consumption (kWh) CY Consumption (kWh) LFL performance improvement
GRESB office Netherlands Office: Corporate: High-Rise 1,000 120,920 118,500 -2%

Step 2: Calculate the Like-for-like Performance Improvement score at the asset level

The Like-for-like performance improvement score is calculated in comparison to the benchmark average corresponding to this asset.

# Country Property sub-type Floor area (m2) LY Consumption (kWh) CY Consumption (kWh) LFL performance improvement
GRESB office Netherlands Office: Corporate: High-Rise 1,000 -2% -3% 1.2 points

Energy performance

Step 1: Calculate the Energy Performance score for each asset

Based on their eligibility, assets receive either an Energy efficiency or a Like-for-like score, which represents their Energy Performance score.

Step 2: Calculate the Energy Performance score at the Property Sub-type and Country level

At this step, the individual energy performance scores for each asset are combined to get an overall score for each property type and country group, weighted by the ownership and total area of each asset.

Property sub−type & country = Energy Performance score × %Ownership × Floor area %Ownership × Floor area

Step 3: Calculate the Energy Performance score at the Portfolio level

The calculation uses the GAV of each property type and country group to weigh the final scores. Larger property sub-type and country groups will have a greater impact on the overall score.

Portfolio level = Property Sub-type & Country score × % of GAV

Renewable Performance Scoring

Consider 10 Residential: Multi-family Mid-rise USA assets that with identical square footage (GFA) and 100% ownership. All assets have an identical energy consumption.

Step 1: the % renewable energy is calculated for all assets for both the current year and the last year, resulting in the following values:

Last year: 100%, 100%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%.

Current year: 100%, 100%, 50%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%.

Step 2: the year-on-year improvement is calculated for all assets, resulting in the following values:

0%, 0%, 50%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%, 0%,

Step 3: asset-level year-on-year improvement values are then compared against a relevant benchmark distribution of assets within the same property sub-type and country to achieve an improvement score.

Out of the 10 assets, 1 achieves an improvement score of ~90%; 9 achieve an improvement score of 0. The performance score for each asset is then calculated by applying the above formula. For the one asset subject to a positive improvement score, the performance score is calculated as:

[((100 + p) / 200 ) * (p / 100) ] + [(100 - p) / 200] * i = [((100 + 50) / 200) * 50% ] + [(100 – 50) / 200] *90% = 0.375 + 0.225 = 0.6

As a result, the total number of points achieved by that asset in this section is 0.6 * 2 = 1.2 points. Other assets fully powered by renewable energy in the current year achieve a performance score of 2 points, and assets with no renewable energy achieve a performance score of 0.

Step 4: all asset-level performance scores are aggregated at the property sub-type / country (using assets’ floor area as a weighting factor) of (1.2p*(1/10)) + (2p*(2/10)) + (0p*(7/10)) = 0.52 points.

This same logic applies to the points relevant to water re-use and recycling performance.

Building Certification Scoring

Consider 10 Residential: Multi-family Mid-rise USA assets with identical square footage (GFA) and all with 100% ownership. 1 asset has a 4-year-old (Time Factor of 50%) operational certification scheme (indicator BC1.2) covering 100% floor area and the scheme has a Validation Status Factor of 0.6 (Partial+).

Step 1: the aggregated certified % floor area per property sub-type /country is calculated:

1 certified asset floor area / 10 total asset floor area = 10% certified floor area aggregated at Property Sub-Type and Country level .

Step 2: Validation Status and Time Factor weights are incorporated:

When incorporating the Validation Status and Time Factor, this value becomes 10%*0.6*0.5=3%

Step 3: the adjusted % floor area certified is compared to a relevant benchmark group:

This aggregated % floor area certified (incorporating Validation Status and Time Factor) is then compared against a relevant benchmark, which results in a score achieved by the scheme for the property sub-type and country of ~15% (assuming the relevant benchmark average is 20%). Considering that no other scheme was reported in this property sub-type / country, the final score received is ~15%*8.5 = 1.28 points.

The resulting score is then added with the score of BC1.1 to calculate a total BC1 score which has a maximum of 8.5 points.

The above applies separately per indicator (BC1.1 and BC1.2), where the key metric used for scoring is the percentage of floor area certified (% floor area certified).